This unique Makonde face mask in all likelihood represents a very old man. A small number of deformity and sickness masks are known among the Makonde, many fitting into genres or depicting specific character types. Nijale masks (often with with big ears) were originally created to depict the elderly and often showed sunken, hollowed-out faces. Likewise, a mask type that emerged in the 1950s depicted a hunter with a swollen and inflamed eye (due to a hunting accident), while others with twisted features and large toothy mouths may depict witches (personal communication with Alexander Bortolot, 2022). The deformed nature of the face is strengthened by the wear the mask suffered to the nose and forehead. Characteristically for Makonde masks, the coiffure is made of real human hair, as is its moustache. Notwithstanding the sunken planes throughout the face, this exceptional face mask is carved so realistically it almost feels like a portrait.